The contemporary role of religious communities in social assistance and the deinstitutionalization of the support system in Poland

Abstract

The article examines the role of the Catholic Church and religious congregations in the social welfare system in Poland, emphasizing the principle of subsidiarity as a key organizing value in both legal and practical dimensions. It explores the historical and axiological foundations of this principle, tracing its origins to the Church’s social teaching, and proceeds to analyze its contemporary application. Special attention is given to the scope of assistance provided and the significant role played by Church institutions in the care system for individuals requiring comprehensive support, including the elderly, the ill, and persons with disabilities. The article highlights the relational and community-based nature of such assistance, critically assesses the limitations of current deinstitutionalization trends, and identifies potential risks these pose to the quality of care. It argues for the recognition and support of traditional institutions, including those operated by the Church, as essential to the stability and humanistic character of the social support system.